30 years after Hansen’s testimony « RealClimate | Borehole Hammer

By braving greater depths, and using increasingly improved scientific techniques, scientists have found life pretty much wherever there is even just a modicum of water, and little else. Forget oxygen and even what we’d think of as nutrients: microorganisms have been found living all over the place; some are suspended within giant crystals deep within suffocating caves in Mexico, and others are sneaking around mine shafts in South Africa, residing in perpetual darkness and bathed in radiation.

The 2018 exploration program mainly focused on delineating the potential at Endeavour’s two flagship mines (Hounde and Ity) and on developing Endeavour’s organic growth potential (Kalana, Fetekro, and other greenfield properties).

- Sustaining capital for continuing operations for 2018 increased compared to the corresponding period of 2017 due to the addition of Hounde and an increase at Agbaou, which were offset by a decrease at Ity as illustrated in the below table. Further details by assets are provided in the above mine sections.

- Processed grades markedly improved as higher-grade areas of both the Vindaloo Main and Vindaloo Central pits became accessible following the end of the rainy season. In addition, the higher-grade ore mined was selectively processed while the lower-grade ore was stockpiled.

- Demobilization of construction personnel has begun following the completion of key construction milestones, and operating teams are in place with training programs well underway.

A 27-horsepower Kohler EFI gas engine powers the drill, which includes a powerful 3,000-psi hydraulic system. The drill’s 12.5-gpm hydraulic power pack achieves a rotary speed of 100 rpm. The system also provides the drill’s hydraulic winch with 1,500 pounds of pull for raising the automatic hammer.

 “Stimulation is the process of generating micro-vibrations in the bedrock. The underground geophone network enables us to monitor the flow of water in the bedrock precisely, while ensuring that the micro-vibrations remain within the limits prescribed by public authorities,” Saarno explained.

acquisition of citizenship of extremists should be prevented or, where legally possible, can be undone. Who have fought for a terrorist militia and in addition to the German another nationality own, which the German state had to be deprived of citizenship, however, cited the “image” from the paper.

Big Black had noise-rock down to a science. The band essentially had no midrange. Bassist Dave Riley held down the low-end, while Steve Albini and Santiago Durango opted for extreme treble, which was made all the more piercing thanks to a penchant for playing with metal picks. With the industrial thump of drum machine “Roland” keeping rhythm, and a habit of setting off firecrackers on stage before playing, Big Black essentially created misanthropy you could sing along to. “Bad Penny” isn’t just an example of that, but a celebration of it, Albini’s narrator depicting himself as the worst kind of person to have in your life: “Think I fucked your girlfriend once…then I fucked all your friends’ girlfriends/ Now they hate you.” It’s a mean, nasty son of a bitch, and it’s also one of the best examples of how well their sonic assault could translate into a great rock song.

L. Grossman. What does Mars’ lake mean for the search for life on the Red Planet? Science News Online, July 27, 2018.

The percussion technique is regarded as the oldest form of drilling but nowadays is best suited to the construction of shallow boreholes in unconsolidated sediments. ‘Down-the-hole hammer’ drilling combines percussion drilling with a rotary action and is suited to hard rock formations.

Materials provided by GFZ GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Helmholtz Centre. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.